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CVE-2025-41243

INDEX BUILT · 2026-09-20

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Spring Expression Language property modification using Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebFlux

CVE-2025-412433 of 4 sources documented this
42

rank 42 = 16 + 25 + 1 + 0 + 0

rank@v1 · scheduled

Someone is already using it

CISA KEV catalog · public proof-of-concept · FIRST EPSS

EPSS 0.03548  ·  without this subject the record ranks 26

What it costs you if it fires

NVD CVSS base score, then the CNA's own

CVSS 10.0, from the CNA  ·  without this subject the record ranks 17

It is getting worse, not staying still

FIRST EPSS series, rescorings and bad loads removed

rose on 2025-10-29  ·  without this subject the record ranks 41

How much of the world it touches

NVD CPE configurations

0 products in the CPE ranges  ·  without this subject the record ranks 42

Someone else already set the date

CISA KEV remediation due date

no CISA due date  ·  without this subject the record ranks 42

Unaudited dollar value2 of 3 inputs carry a receipt
Exposure$177,000over the next 30 days, if this record is yours
Movement-$121,000on 2025-11-14, the last material move, 9 months before this reading
Basisassumeda published average, not your estate

$177,000 = $4.99M incident cost x 1 exposure x 0.03548 likelihood

udv@v1 · unaudited · wrong for you until you say what you run

$4.99M is the cost of a breach that happened, from IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report 2026, global average. It is not the value of any asset of yours. That average already covers breaches of every severity, so scaling it by exposure understates a partial-impact record. That is an assumption, not a measurement. Your own asset value goes in the decision record.

Hindsight · the state

0.03548EPSSNOT IN KEVas of 2026-09-20
Severity10 CRITICALreceipt
Harmtotal loss · unauthenticatedreceipt
Exploitationpublic proof-of-conceptreceipt
Defensefix version namedreceipt
Movementrisenreceipt
PLATEAU10Minimal movement since 2025-09-17, 334 days at 0.04, as of 2026-08-17. arc-rules@v1

Foresight · where to check next

Cloud GatewayCloud FunctionApache Log4j2AtlassianAtlassianApache Log4j41243

This record is one instance of CWE-917, improper neutralization of special elements used in an expression language statement ('expression language injection'). The index holds 207 prior instances of this class, 9 KEV-listed. The nearest of its KEV-listed records are drawn beside this. taxonomy@v1

Full pattern panel

Prior records in this weakness class. Each is its own record, dated and receipted.
Color is a claim, not decoration:the hostile worldthe defenseno signalspoke length is how much of the record matches, not how bad it is

Running Spring Cloud Gateway? Check your version

A deterministic range check against the ranges this record publishes. It tells you where a version sits in the record, not whether your deployment is exploitable. No account needed.

Watch this record

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Harm, if it fires from the vector and the weakness

Written for the ticket you're about to file.

Reachnetwork-reachable · no privileges required · no user interaction · low attack complexityreceipt
ImpactComplete confidentiality, integrity and availability loss, with impact beyond the vulnerable componentreceipt
Scored fromCVSS v3.1 · the CNA's vectorreceipt
Weakness classCWE-917 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement ('Expression Language Injection')…receipt
Published consequencesCWE-917: Confidentiality: Read Application Data; Integrity: Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands[email protected]

CISA KEV & Federal Remediation Deadline from the record and CISA

The fix, and how long it's been waiting.

Fixed in4.3.1; 4.2.5; 4.1.11; 3.1.11receipt
Patch available sinceNo dated patch-availability record in held sources. The index holds reference URLs without dates and only the current revision of the CVE record, so the day a fix first existed cannot be derived. Only the versions it landed in.

Exploit Status & Known PoCs a ladder, not a score

Current rung: Proof-of-concept published · 1 public repository, 2026-01-26.

  • RUNG 1Nothing observed in held sources
  • RUNG 2Proof-of-concept published · 1 public repository2026-01-26receipt
  • RUNG 3Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed
  • RUNG 4Ransomware campaign use known

Authority who says so

CVSS, the CNA10 CRITICALreceipt
Exploit probability0.03548 · top 11% of all CVEsreceipt
Assigned byvmwarereceipt
Recorded changes33 · last 19 Sep 2026derived

Affected & Fixed Versions as published

Affected productSpring Cloud Gatewayreceipt
Fixed in4.3.1; 4.2.5; 4.1.11; 3.1.11receipt

A rung lights from a row in the index, never from an assessment. "Held sources" is the true scope of the claim: this index reads the CVE record, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST's EPSS and public proof-of-concept repositories, and it does not observe attacks.

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Attack path

Unauthenticated network requestno credentials, no interactionSpring Cloud GatewayCWE-917 expression language injec…Adjacent componentsscope changeFull compromise (C/I/A)C:H / I:H / A:Hexploits CWE-917scope changedata compromise

What it is stated by the CNA

Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to Spring Environment property modification. An application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true: * The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebMVC is not vulnerable). * Spring Boot actuator is a dependency. * The Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux actuator web endpoint is enabled via management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=gateway. * The actuator endpoints are available to attackers. * The actuator endpoints are unsecured. receipt

NVD's analysis a second authority

weakness
CWE-94; CWE-917
also scored by
[email protected] 10 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

check it yourself spring.io receipt

Dated events

2025-10-29EPSS moved 0.00 to 0.072025-10-31EPSS moved 0.07 to 0.102025-11-14EPSS moved 0.10 to 0.08

Movement the material steps

17 Sep 20250.00048
31 Oct 20250.10243 · crossed 0.10
14 Nov 20250.07811 · crossed 0.10
15 Jun 20260.03311 · scoring model v2026.06.15
17 Aug 20260.03548
Show all 30 observations
17 Sep 20250.00048
22 Sep 20250.00063
18 Oct 20250.00068
29 Oct 20250.07014
31 Oct 20250.10243
14 Nov 20250.07811
18 Nov 20250.07014
21 Nov 20250.07811
23 Nov 20250.08124
9 Dec 20250.07004
18 Dec 20250.08124
21 Dec 20250.07004
16 Jan 20260.06552
25 Jan 20260.05386
1 Feb 20260.06552
4 Feb 20260.05386
5 Feb 20260.02394
12 Feb 20260.02776
18 Feb 20260.03129
24 Feb 20260.02999
1 Mar 20260.03287
3 Mar 20260.02643
4 Mar 20260.02409
14 Mar 20260.02643
21 Mar 20260.02777
24 Mar 20260.05477
3 May 20260.07256
12 May 20260.06417
15 Jun 20260.03311
17 Aug 20260.03548

30 observations held. A highlighted step crossed a promotion threshold. A step marked with a scoring model moved because the instrument was replaced, not because the vulnerability changed. receipt

The full biography

EPSS 0.03548Published2025-09-16Public PoC2026-01-26Index as of2026-08-17

The record had been public for 11 months when this index was last written.

Published 2025-09-16 receipt · Public PoC 2026-01-26 receipt · Index as of 2026-08-17 derived

The pattern, elsewhere

This record is one instance of CWE-917, improper neutralization of special elements used in an expression language statement ('expression language injection'). The index holds 207 prior instances of this class, 9 KEV-listed. The nearest of its KEV-listed records are drawn beside this. [email protected]

CVE-2022-22947 · Spring Cloud Gatewaymatches 10 of 10KEV listed · 2022receipt
CVE-2022-22963 · Spring Cloud Functionmatches 9 of 10KEV listed · 2022receipt
CVE-2021-44228 · Apache Log4j2matches 8 of 10KEV listed · 2021receipt
CVE-2022-26134 · Atlassian Confluence Data Centermatches 7 of 10KEV listed · 2022receipt
CVE-2021-26084 · Atlassian Confluence Servermatches 7 of 10KEV listed · 2021receipt
CVE-2021-45046 · Apache Log4jmatches 7 of 10KEV listed · 2021receipt

"Matches n of m" counts the attributes the two records can both be compared on: the CVSS metrics they share a version of, any weakness class beyond this one, and the vendor. fit-rules@v1

207 records in this class held. The six above are drawn from the ones CISA has listed as exploited, ranked by how much of the record matches this one. That is why every one of them is KEV-listed: the pool is, so the colour on those spokes says nothing the pool has not already said.

No curated product neighbourhood is held for this product, so the records above are the nearest this index can name. The neighbourhood table covers a small set of products and is extended by hand.

Siblings and hubs

Records related to this one

Its defect family

spring cloud gateway

Of the 2 records in this family, this is the only one that does not hold a CISA KEV listing. That is a fact about what the catalogue records, not a finding about exposure.

Grouped by shared product and weakness, not by shared vulnerability. Each record's own state is on its own page.

Family membership: held values

This record is one of a group, and the group's page describes all of them. This page is kept and dated, and the defect family's own page is the one we offer for indexing: the whole group.

Browse the index from here

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What usually comes next

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