CVE-2025-11187
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Improper validation of PBMAC1 parameters in PKCS#12 MAC verification
rank 21 = 16 + 0 + 0 + 5 + 0
rank@v1 · backlog
Someone is already using it
CISA KEV catalog · public proof-of-concept · FIRST EPSS
EPSS 0.04691 · without this subject the record ranks 5
What it costs you if it fires
NVD CVSS base score, then the CNA's own
no CVSS held by anyone · without this subject the record ranks 21
It is getting worse, not staying still
FIRST EPSS series, rescorings and bad loads removed
no persisting rise in 365 days · without this subject the record ranks 21
How much of the world it touches
NVD CPE configurations
3 products in the CPE ranges · without this subject the record ranks 16
Someone else already set the date
CISA KEV remediation due date
no CISA due date · without this subject the record ranks 21
Hindsight · the state
Foresight · where to check next
This record is one instance of CWE-787, out-of-bounds write. The index holds 14893 prior instances of this class, 164 KEV-listed. The nearest of its KEV-listed records are drawn beside this. taxonomy@v1
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CISA KEV & Federal Remediation Deadline from the record and CISA
The fix, and how long it's been waiting.
Exploit Status & Known PoCs a ladder, not a score
Current rung: Proof-of-concept published · 1 public repository, 2026-03-15.
- RUNG 1Nothing observed in held sources
- RUNG 2Proof-of-concept published · 1 public repository2026-03-15receipt
- RUNG 3Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed
- RUNG 4Ransomware campaign use known
A rung lights from a row in the index, never from an assessment. "Held sources" is the true scope of the claim: this index reads the CVE record, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST's EPSS and public proof-of-concept repositories, and it does not observe attacks.
What it is stated by the CNA
Issue summary: PBMAC1 parameters in PKCS#12 files are missing validation which can trigger a stack-based buffer overflow, invalid pointer or NULL pointer dereference during MAC verification. Impact summary: The stack buffer overflow or NULL pointer dereference may cause a crash leading to Denial of Service for an application that parses untrusted PKCS#12 files. The buffer overflow may also potentially enable code execution depending on platform mitigations. When verifying a PKCS#12 file that uses PBMAC1 for the MAC, the PBKDF2 salt and keylength parameters from the file are used without validation. If the value of keylength exceeds the size of the fixed stack buffer used for the derived ke receipt
Read the rest of the CNA's description
y (64 bytes), the key derivation will overflow the buffer. The overflow length is attacker-controlled. Also, if the salt parameter is not an OCTET STRING type this can lead to invalid or NULL pointer dereference. Exploiting this issue requires a user or application to process a maliciously crafted PKCS#12 file. It is uncommon to accept untrusted PKCS#12 files in applications as they are usually used to store private keys which are trusted by definition. For this reason the issue was assessed as Moderate severity. The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5 and 3.4 are not affected by this issue, as PKCS#12 processing is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary. OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5 and 3.4 are vulnerable to this issue. OpenSSL 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are not affected by this issue as they do not support PBMAC1 in PKCS#12.
NVD's analysis a second authority
- weakness
- CWE-476; CWE-787
- affected versions
- openssl >= 3.4.0 < 3.4.4; openssl >= 3.5.0 < 3.5.5; openssl >= 3.6.0 < 3.6.1
- also scored by
- 6.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
check it yourself openssl-library.org github.com github.com github.com receipt
Movement the material steps
Show all 12 observations
12 observations held. A highlighted step crossed a promotion threshold. A step marked with a scoring model moved because the instrument was replaced, not because the vulnerability changed. receipt
The pattern, elsewhere
This record is one instance of CWE-787, out-of-bounds write. The index holds 14893 prior instances of this class, 164 KEV-listed. The nearest of its KEV-listed records are drawn beside this. [email protected]
"Matches n of m" counts the attributes the two records can both be compared on: the CVSS metrics they share a version of, any weakness class beyond this one, and the vendor. fit-rules@v1
14893 records in this class held. The six above are drawn from the ones CISA has listed as exploited, ranked by how much of the record matches this one. That is why every one of them is KEV-listed: the pool is, so the colour on those spokes says nothing the pool has not already said.
No curated product neighbourhood is held for this product, so the records above are the nearest this index can name. The neighbourhood table covers a small set of products and is extended by hand.
Siblings and hubs
Records related to this one
None. No alias set, and nothing in the corpus cites this identifier or shares its product family within 60 days.
Browse the index from here
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What usually comes next
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