CVE-2023-4408
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Parsing large DNS messages may cause excessive CPU load
rank 29 = 0 + 19 + 0 + 10 + 0
rank@v1 · scheduled
Someone is already using it
CISA KEV catalog · public proof-of-concept · FIRST EPSS
EPSS 0.01338 · without this subject the record ranks 29
What it costs you if it fires
NVD CVSS base score, then the CNA's own
CVSS 7.5, from the CNA · without this subject the record ranks 10
It is getting worse, not staying still
FIRST EPSS series, rescorings and bad loads removed
no persisting rise in 365 days · without this subject the record ranks 29
How much of the world it touches
NVD CPE configurations
20 products in the CPE ranges · without this subject the record ranks 19
Someone else already set the date
CISA KEV remediation due date
no CISA due date · without this subject the record ranks 29
$40,900 = $4.99M incident cost x 0.6121449559255632 exposure x 0.01338 likelihood
udv@v1 · unaudited · wrong for you until you say what you run
$4.99M is the cost of a breach that happened, from IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report 2026, global average. It is not the value of any asset of yours. That average already covers breaches of every severity, so scaling it by exposure understates a partial-impact record. That is an assumption, not a measurement. Your own asset value goes in the decision record.
Hindsight · the state
Foresight · where to check next
No weakness class or product neighbourhood is held for this record, so this index cannot name anywhere to check next. That is an absence in the record, not a finding about the software.
Running ISC BIND 9? Check your version
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Harm, if it fires from the vector and the weakness
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CISA KEV & Federal Remediation Deadline from the record and CISA
The fix, and how long it's been waiting.
Exploit Status & Known PoCs a ladder, not a score
Current rung: Nothing observed in held sources.
- RUNG 1Nothing observed in held sources
- RUNG 2Proof-of-concept published
- RUNG 3Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed
- RUNG 4Ransomware campaign use known
Affected & Fixed Versions as published
Show all 20 published ranges
A rung lights from a row in the index, never from an assessment. "Held sources" is the true scope of the claim: this index reads the CVE record, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST's EPSS and public proof-of-concept repositories, and it does not observe attacks.
What it is stated by the CNA
The DNS message parsing code in `named` includes a section whose computational complexity is overly high. It does not cause problems for typical DNS traffic, but crafted queries and responses may cause excessive CPU load on the affected `named` instance by exploiting this flaw. This issue affects both authoritative servers and recursive resolvers. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.0.0 through 9.16.45, 9.18.0 through 9.18.21, 9.19.0 through 9.19.19, 9.9.3-S1 through 9.11.37-S1, 9.16.8-S1 through 9.16.45-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.21-S1. receipt
NVD's analysis a second authority
- weakness
- CWE-407
- affected versions
- isc bind >= 9.0.0 <= 9.16.45; isc bind >= 9.18.0 <= 9.18.21; isc bind >= 9.19.0 <= 9.19.19; and 17 more, listed in full below
- also scored by
- [email protected] 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
check it yourself kb.isc.org openwall.com lists.fedoraproject.org lists.fedoraproject.org lists.fedoraproject.org lists.fedoraproject.org +1 morereceipt
Movement the material steps
This score more than doubled inside 72 hours. Both observations are in the full history below.
Show all 33 observations
33 observations held. A highlighted step crossed a promotion threshold. A step marked with a scoring model moved because the instrument was replaced, not because the vulnerability changed. receipt
The full biography
Exploit probability more than doubled between 2025-03-17 and 2025-03-19 (0.00792 → 0.03264) and the record had been public for 2 years, 5 months when this index was last written.
Siblings and hubs
Records related to this one
None. No alias set, and nothing in the corpus cites this identifier or shares its product family within 60 days.
Browse the index from here
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What usually comes next
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