CVE-2023-22492
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RefreshToken invalidation vulnerability
rank 19 = 0 + 15 + 0 + 4 + 0
rank@v1 · backlog
Someone is already using it
CISA KEV catalog · public proof-of-concept · FIRST EPSS
EPSS 0.00599 · without this subject the record ranks 19
What it costs you if it fires
NVD CVSS base score, then the CNA's own
CVSS 5.9, from NVD · without this subject the record ranks 4
It is getting worse, not staying still
FIRST EPSS series, rescorings and bad loads removed
no persisting rise in 365 days · without this subject the record ranks 19
How much of the world it touches
NVD CPE configurations
2 products in the CPE ranges · without this subject the record ranks 15
Someone else already set the date
CISA KEV remediation due date
no CISA due date · without this subject the record ranks 19
$21,500 = $4.99M incident cost x 0.7179585840212677 exposure x 0.00599 likelihood
udv@v1 · unaudited · wrong for you until you say what you run
$4.99M is the cost of a breach that happened, from IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report 2026, global average. It is not the value of any asset of yours. That average already covers breaches of every severity, so scaling it by exposure understates a partial-impact record. That is an assumption, not a measurement. Your own asset value goes in the decision record.
Hindsight · the state
Foresight · where to check next
No weakness class or product neighbourhood is held for this record, so this index cannot name anywhere to check next. That is an absence in the record, not a finding about the software.
Sources disagree here.
Both shown, dated. We don't pick winners. disagreement-rules@v1
Running zitadel? Check your version
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Harm, if it fires from the vector and the weakness
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CISA KEV & Federal Remediation Deadline from the record and CISA
The fix, and how long it's been waiting.
Exploit Status & Known PoCs a ladder, not a score
Current rung: Nothing observed in held sources.
- RUNG 1Nothing observed in held sources
- RUNG 2Proof-of-concept published
- RUNG 3Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed
- RUNG 4Ransomware campaign use known
A rung lights from a row in the index, never from an assessment. "Held sources" is the true scope of the claim: this index reads the CVE record, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST's EPSS and public proof-of-concept repositories, and it does not observe attacks.
Attack path
What it is stated by the CNA
ZITADEL is a combination of Auth0 and Keycloak. RefreshTokens is an OAuth 2.0 feature that allows applications to retrieve new access tokens and refresh the user's session without the need for interacting with a UI. RefreshTokens were not invalidated when a user was locked or deactivated. The deactivated or locked user was able to obtain a valid access token only through a refresh token grant. When the locked or deactivated user’s session was already terminated (“logged out”) then it was not possible to create a new session. Renewal of access token through a refresh token grant is limited to the configured amount of time (RefreshTokenExpiration). receipt
Read the rest of the CNA's description
As a workaround, ensure the RefreshTokenExpiration in the OIDC settings of your instance is set according to your security requirements. This issue has been patched in versions 2.17.3 and 2.16.4.
NVD's analysis a second authority
- severity
- 5.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
- weakness
- CWE-613
- affected versions
- zitadel >= 2.0.0 < 2.16.4; zitadel >= 2.17.0 < 2.17.3
- also scored by
- [email protected] 5.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
check it yourself github.com github.com github.com receipt
Movement the material steps
Show all 19 observations
19 observations held. A highlighted step crossed a promotion threshold. A step marked with a scoring model moved because the instrument was replaced, not because the vulnerability changed. receipt
The full biography
The record had been public for 3 years, 5 months when this index was last written.
Siblings and hubs
Records related to this one
No record cites this identifier and it carries no alias. Its defect family is below.
Its defect family
zitadel
Of the 4 records in this family that state one, this holds the highest EPSS percentile: 0.46386.
Grouped by shared product and weakness, not by shared vulnerability. Each record's own state is on its own page.
Family membership: held values
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Browse the index from here
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What usually comes next
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