vciy

CVE-2023-21608

INDEX BUILT · 2026-09-20

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Adobe Acrobat Reader DC resetForm Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CVE-2023-216084 of 4 sources documented this
72

rank 72 = 40 + 20 + 0 + 6 + 6

rank@v1 · act now

Someone is already using it

CISA KEV catalog · public proof-of-concept · FIRST EPSS

EPSS 0.61475 · CISA KEV listed  ·  without this subject the record ranks 32

What it costs you if it fires

NVD CVSS base score, then the CNA's own

CVSS 7.8, from the CNA  ·  without this subject the record ranks 52

It is getting worse, not staying still

FIRST EPSS series, rescorings and bad loads removed

no persisting rise in 365 days  ·  without this subject the record ranks 72

How much of the world it touches

NVD CPE configurations

6 products in the CPE ranges  ·  without this subject the record ranks 66

Someone else already set the date

CISA KEV remediation due date

CISA remediation date held  ·  without this subject the record ranks 66

Unaudited dollar value2 of 3 inputs carry a receipt
Exposure$3.07Mover the next 30 days, if this record is yours
Movement-$133,000on 2025-03-27, the last material move, 1 year, 5 months before this reading
Basisassumeda published average, not your estate

$3.07M = $4.99M incident cost x 1 exposure x 0.61475 likelihood

udv@v1 · unaudited · wrong for you until you say what you run

$4.99M is the cost of a breach that happened, from IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report 2026, global average. It is not the value of any asset of yours. That average already covers breaches of every severity, so scaling it by exposure understates a partial-impact record. That is an assumption, not a measurement. Your own asset value goes in the decision record.

Hindsight · the state

0.61475EPSSKEV · LISTED
Severity7.8 HIGHreceipt
Harmtotal lossreceipt
Exploitationin the wild · KEVreceipt
Defenseno fix version held
Movementscoring model changedreceipt
RISING10Risen from 0.01036 to 0.61475 across 79 observations. arc-rules@v1

Foresight · where to check next

CVE-2018-15982Adobe FlashCVE-2013-2551Google ChromeApple macOS21608

This record is one instance of CWE-416, use after free. The index holds 8700 prior instances of this class, 105 KEV-listed. The nearest of its KEV-listed records are drawn beside this. taxonomy@v1

Full pattern panel

Prior records in this weakness class. Each is its own record, dated and receipted.
Color is a claim, not decoration:the hostile worldthe defenseno signalspoke length is how much of the record matches, not how bad it is

Running Adobe Acrobat Reader? Check your version

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Harm, if it fires from the vector and the weakness

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Reachneeds local access · no privileges required · user interaction required · low attack complexityreceipt
ImpactComplete confidentiality, integrity and availability lossreceipt
Scored fromCVSS v3.1 · the CNA's vectorreceipt
Weakness classCWE-416 Use After Freereceipt
Published consequencesCWE-416: Integrity: Modify Memory; Availability: DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart; Confidentiality: Read Memory; Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability: Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands[email protected]
Ransomware campaign useUnknown to CISAreceipt

CISA KEV & Federal Remediation Deadline from the record and CISA

The fix, and how long it's been waiting.

Fixed inNo fix version in held sources, as the index stood on 4 Sep 2026.
Patch available sinceNo dated patch-availability record in held sources. The index holds reference URLs without dates and only the current revision of the CVE record, so the day a fix first existed cannot be derived. Only the versions it landed in.
CISA remediation statusoverdue since 2023-10-31receipt
CISA required actionApply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.receipt
Published to CISA KEV265 daysderived

Exploit Status & Known PoCs a ladder, not a score

Current rung: Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed, 2023-10-10.

  • RUNG 1Nothing observed in held sources
  • RUNG 2Proof-of-concept published · 2 public repositories2023-01-30receipt
  • RUNG 3Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed2023-10-10receipt
  • RUNG 4Ransomware campaign use known

Authority who says so

CVSS, the CNA7.8 HIGHreceipt
Exploit probability0.61475 · top 0.87% of all CVEsreceipt
Blast breadth4 products across 1 vendorderived
Assigned byadobereceipt
Recorded changes93 · last 19 Sep 2026derived

Affected & Fixed Versions as published

Affected productAdobe Acrobat Readerreceipt
Published rangesadobe acrobat dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20282; adobe acrobat reader dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20282; adobe acrobat dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20281; adobe acrobat reader dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20281receipt
Show all 6 published ranges
adobe acrobat dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20282
adobe acrobat reader dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20282
adobe acrobat dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20281
adobe acrobat reader dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20281
adobe acrobat >= 20.001.30005 <= 20.005.30418
adobe acrobat reader >= 20.001.30005 <= 20.005.30418

A rung lights from a row in the index, never from an assessment. "Held sources" is the true scope of the claim: this index reads the CVE record, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST's EPSS and public proof-of-concept repositories, and it does not observe attacks.

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Attack path

Local accessrequires user interactionCISA KEV listingadded 10-10 · due 10-31Adobe Acrobat ReaderCWE-416 use after freeFull compromise (C/I/A)C:H / I:H / A:Hmandates remediationexploits CWE-416data compromise

What it is stated by the CNA

Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 22.003.20282 (and earlier), 22.003.20281 (and earlier) and 20.005.30418 (and earlier) are affected by a Use After Free vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file. receipt

NVD's analysis a second authority

weakness
CWE-416
affected versions
adobe acrobat dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20282; adobe acrobat reader dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20282; adobe acrobat dc >= 15.008.20082 <= 22.003.20281; and 3 more, listed in full below
also scored by
[email protected] 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

check it yourself helpx.adobe.com receipt

Dated events

2023-02-03EPSS moved 0.01 to 0.082023-10-10Added to CISA KEV2023-10-31CISA remediation due2025-03-17EPSS moved 0.02 to 0.902026-06-15EPSS moved 0.77 to 0.61

Movement the material steps

19 Jan 20230.01036
7 Mar 20230.03356 · scoring model v2023.03.01
17 Mar 20250.90476 · crossed 0.10 and 0.50 and 0.90 · scoring model v2025.03.14
19 Mar 20250.89414 · crossed 0.90
20 Mar 20250.90396 · crossed 0.90
23 Mar 20250.89414 · crossed 0.90
24 Mar 20250.90396 · crossed 0.90
27 Mar 20250.87727 · crossed 0.90
18 Nov 20250.68519
21 Nov 20250.85493
15 Jun 20260.61475 · scoring model v2026.06.15

This score more than doubled inside 72 hours. Both observations are in the full history below.

Show all 79 observations
19 Jan 20230.01036
27 Jan 20230.01223
3 Feb 20230.07947
7 Mar 20230.03356
22 Mar 20230.02142
25 Mar 20230.01714
2 Apr 20230.03655
22 Apr 20230.03231
5 May 20230.02847
8 May 20230.07754
23 May 20230.05627
23 Jun 20230.04613
8 Jul 20230.00955
11 Jul 20230.04878
26 Jul 20230.01000
3 Aug 20230.00564
14 Aug 20230.01707
27 Aug 20230.00597
6 Sep 20230.00535
17 Sep 20230.01326
30 Sep 20230.00568
11 Oct 20230.01506
22 Oct 20230.01987
2 Nov 20230.03247
14 Nov 20230.02344
25 Nov 20230.02290
8 Dec 20230.01446
31 Dec 20230.01432
25 Jan 20240.01579
7 Feb 20240.01516
20 Feb 20240.01301
3 Mar 20240.01820
16 Mar 20240.02232
29 Mar 20240.02028
24 Apr 20240.02002
21 May 20240.02173
3 Jun 20240.01782
17 Jun 20240.01503
30 Jun 20240.01225
13 Jul 20240.01671
10 Aug 20240.01184
8 Sep 20240.01101
17 Dec 20240.03957
14 Jan 20250.03700
13 Feb 20250.05148
14 Feb 20250.02208
27 Feb 20250.01569
13 Mar 20250.02022
17 Mar 20250.90476
19 Mar 20250.89414
20 Mar 20250.90396
23 Mar 20250.89414
24 Mar 20250.90396
27 Mar 20250.87727
28 Mar 20250.89414
29 Mar 20250.87727
30 Mar 20250.89414
10 May 20250.89501
21 May 20250.89265
13 Jun 20250.88698
24 Jun 20250.8896
19 Oct 20250.88698
22 Oct 20250.88497
24 Oct 20250.85493
18 Nov 20250.68519
21 Nov 20250.85493
22 Nov 20250.85467
28 Dec 20250.85043
11 Jan 20260.82836
12 Jan 20260.83883
19 Jan 20260.84032
31 Jan 20260.84723
5 Feb 20260.84298
7 Feb 20260.83154
24 Feb 20260.84072
30 Mar 20260.80881
15 Apr 20260.79142
4 May 20260.77472
15 Jun 20260.61475

79 observations held. A highlighted step crossed a promotion threshold. A step marked with a scoring model moved because the instrument was replaced, not because the vulnerability changed. receipt

The full biography

EPSS 0.61475Published2023-01-18Public PoC2023-01-30CISA KEV2023-10-10Index as of2026-09-04

Listed by CISA 265 days after it published, exploit probability more than doubled between 2023-05-05 and 2023-05-08 (0.02847 → 0.07754) and the record had been public for 3 years, 7 months when this index was last written.

No material movement in 81 days as of the last ingest this index recorded.

Published 2023-01-18 receipt · Public PoC 2023-01-30 receipt · CISA KEV 2023-10-10 receipt · Index as of 2026-09-04 derived

The pattern, elsewhere

This record is one instance of CWE-416, use after free. The index holds 8700 prior instances of this class, 105 KEV-listed. The nearest of its KEV-listed records are drawn beside this. [email protected]

CVE-2018-15982matches 8 of 8KEV listed · 2019receipt
CVE-2018-4878 · Adobe Flash Player before 28.0.0.161matches 9 of 9KEV listed · 2018receipt
CVE-2013-2551matches 7 of 8KEV listed · 2013receipt
CVE-2026-2441 · Google Chromematches 7 of 9KEV listed · 2026receipt
CVE-2026-5281 · Google Chromematches 7 of 9KEV listed · 2026receipt
CVE-2023-43000 · Apple macOSmatches 7 of 9KEV listed · 2025receipt

"Matches n of m" counts the attributes the two records can both be compared on: the CVSS metrics they share a version of, any weakness class beyond this one, and the vendor. fit-rules@v1

8700 records in this class held. The six above are drawn from the ones CISA has listed as exploited, ranked by how much of the record matches this one. That is why every one of them is KEV-listed: the pool is, so the colour on those spokes says nothing the pool has not already said.

No curated product neighbourhood is held for this product, so the records above are the nearest this index can name. The neighbourhood table covers a small set of products and is extended by hand.

Siblings and hubs

Records related to this one

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