vciy

CVE-2021-40450

INDEX BUILT · 2026-09-20

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Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

CVE-2021-404504 of 4 sources documented this
66

rank 66 = 40 + 12 + 0 + 8 + 6

rank@v1 · this cycle

Someone is already using it

CISA KEV catalog · public proof-of-concept · FIRST EPSS

EPSS 0.02076 · CISA KEV listed  ·  without this subject the record ranks 26

What it costs you if it fires

NVD CVSS base score, then the CNA's own

CVSS 4.6, from NVD  ·  without this subject the record ranks 54

It is getting worse, not staying still

FIRST EPSS series, rescorings and bad loads removed

no persisting rise in 365 days  ·  without this subject the record ranks 66

How much of the world it touches

NVD CPE configurations

10 products in the CPE ranges  ·  without this subject the record ranks 58

Someone else already set the date

CISA KEV remediation due date

CISA remediation date held  ·  without this subject the record ranks 60

Unaudited dollar value2 of 3 inputs carry a receipt
Exposure$104,000over the next 30 days, if this record is yours
Movement-$620,000on 2025-11-21, the last material move, 9 months before this reading
Basisassumeda published average, not your estate

$104,000 = $4.99M incident cost x 1 exposure x 0.02076 likelihood

udv@v1 · unaudited · wrong for you until you say what you run

$4.99M is the cost of a breach that happened, from IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report 2026, global average. It is not the value of any asset of yours. That average already covers breaches of every severity, so scaling it by exposure understates a partial-impact record. That is an assumption, not a measurement. Your own asset value goes in the decision record.

Hindsight · the state

0.02076EPSSKEV · LISTED
Severity7.8 HIGHreceipt
Harmtotal lossreceipt
Exploitationin the wild · KEVreceipt
Defensefix version namedreceipt
Movementdoubled within 72hreceipt
PLATEAU10Minimal movement since 2025-11-21, 287 days at 0.02, as of 2026-09-04. arc-rules@v1

Foresight · where to check next

No weakness class or product neighbourhood is held for this record, so this index cannot name anywhere to check next. That is an absence in the record, not a finding about the software.

Color is a claim, not decoration:the hostile worldthe defenseno signal

Sources disagree here.

Severity score
Microsoft7.8 HIGHreceipt
NVD4.6 MEDIUMreceipt
Scoring standard
MicrosoftCVSS v3.1receipt
NVDCVSS v2.0receipt

Both shown, dated. We don't pick winners. disagreement-rules@v1

Running Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809? Check your version

A deterministic range check against the ranges this record publishes. It tells you where a version sits in the record, not whether your deployment is exploitable. No account needed.

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Harm, if it fires from the vector and the weakness

Written for the ticket you're about to file.

Reachneeds local access · low privileges required · no user interaction · low attack complexityreceipt
ImpactComplete confidentiality, integrity and availability lossreceipt
Scored fromCVSS v3.1 · the CNA's vectorreceipt
Weakness classNo CWE mapping in held sources.
Ransomware campaign useUnknown to CISAreceipt

CISA KEV & Federal Remediation Deadline from the record and CISA

The fix, and how long it's been waiting.

Fixed in10.0.17763.2237; 10.0.18363.1854; 10.0.19043.1288; 10.0.20348.288; 10.0.19041.1288; 10.0.19042.1288; 10.0.22000.258receipt
Patch available sinceNo dated patch-availability record in held sources. The index holds reference URLs without dates and only the current revision of the CVE record, so the day a fix first existed cannot be derived. Only the versions it landed in.
CISA remediation statusoverdue since 2022-05-16receipt
CISA required actionApply updates per vendor instructions.receipt
Published to CISA KEV194 daysderived

Exploit Status & Known PoCs a ladder, not a score

Current rung: Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed, 2022-04-25.

  • RUNG 1Nothing observed in held sources
  • RUNG 2Proof-of-concept published
  • RUNG 3Exploited in the wild · CISA KEV listed2022-04-25receipt
  • RUNG 4Ransomware campaign use known

Authority who says so

CVSS, the CNA7.8 HIGHreceipt
CVSS, NVD4.6 MEDIUMreceipt
Exploit probability0.02076 · top 19% of all CVEsreceipt
Blast breadth3 products across 1 vendorderived
Assigned bymicrosoftreceipt
Recorded changes56 · last 19 Sep 2026derived

Affected & Fixed Versions as published

Affected productMicrosoft Windows 10 Version 1809; Microsoft Windows Server 2019; Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation); Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1909; Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H1…receipt
Published rangesmicrosoft windows 10 1809 < 10.0.17763.2237; microsoft windows 10 1909 < 10.0.18363.1854; microsoft windows 10 2004 < 10.0.19041.1288; microsoft windows 10 20h2 < 10.0.19042.1288receipt
Show all 10 published ranges
microsoft windows 10 1809 < 10.0.17763.2237
microsoft windows 10 1909 < 10.0.18363.1854
microsoft windows 10 2004 < 10.0.19041.1288
microsoft windows 10 20h2 < 10.0.19042.1288
microsoft windows 10 21h1 < 10.0.19043.1288
microsoft windows 11 21h2 < 10.0.22000.258
microsoft windows server 2004 < 10.0.19041.1288
microsoft windows server 2019 < 10.0.17763.2237
microsoft windows server 2022 < 10.0.20348.288
microsoft windows server 20h2 < 10.0.19042.1288
Fixed in10.0.17763.2237; 10.0.18363.1854; 10.0.19043.1288; 10.0.20348.288; 10.0.19041.1288; 10.0.19042.1288; 10.0.22000.258receipt

A rung lights from a row in the index, never from an assessment. "Held sources" is the true scope of the claim: this index reads the CVE record, NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST's EPSS and public proof-of-concept repositories, and it does not observe attacks.

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What it is stated by the CNA

Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability receipt

NVD's analysis a second authority

severity
4.6 AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
affected versions
microsoft windows 10 1809 < 10.0.17763.2237; microsoft windows 10 1909 < 10.0.18363.1854; microsoft windows 10 2004 < 10.0.19041.1288; and 7 more, listed in full below
also scored by
[email protected] 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H · [email protected] 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The CNA scored it 7.8 and NVD 4.6. Both are shown because both were published; we do not pick one.

check it yourself portal.msrc.microsoft.com receipt

Dated events

2022-01-06EPSS moved 0.05 to 0.182022-02-04EPSS moved 0.18 to 0.012022-04-25Added to CISA KEV2022-05-16CISA remediation due2025-11-21EPSS moved 0.20 to 0.08

Movement the material steps

13 Oct 20210.00416
6 Jan 20220.17642 · crossed 0.10
4 Feb 20220.01372 · crossed 0.10
7 Mar 20230.04024 · scoring model v2023.03.01
17 Mar 20250.15142 · crossed 0.10 · scoring model v2025.03.14
31 Oct 20250.06729 · crossed 0.10
18 Nov 20250.19955 · crossed 0.10
21 Nov 20250.07526 · crossed 0.10
15 Jun 20260.01968 · scoring model v2026.06.15
6 Aug 20260.02076

This score more than doubled inside 72 hours. Both observations are in the full history below.

Show all 45 observations
13 Oct 20210.00416
20 Oct 20210.04557
6 Jan 20220.17642
4 Feb 20220.01372
1 Apr 20220.0115
7 Mar 20230.04024
12 Mar 20230.02604
5 May 20230.01593
3 Jun 20230.01275
17 Jun 20230.01158
1 Aug 20230.00933
11 Sep 20230.00729
27 Sep 20230.00558
2 Jun 20240.00654
28 Jun 20240.01032
3 Jul 20240.00051
12 Jul 20240.00060
24 Jul 20240.00051
8 Aug 20240.00062
4 Sep 20240.00088
18 Sep 20240.00073
16 Oct 20240.00085
30 Oct 20240.00066
15 Nov 20240.00069
29 Nov 20240.00059
15 Feb 20250.00065
2 Mar 20250.00062
17 Mar 20250.15142
29 Mar 20250.16188
30 Mar 20250.15142
8 Apr 20250.13912
29 Apr 20250.1366
30 Apr 20250.13834
4 Jul 20250.14896
21 Jul 20250.15082
22 Oct 20250.10415
31 Oct 20250.06729
17 Nov 20250.07526
18 Nov 20250.19955
21 Nov 20250.07526
17 Mar 20260.05588
1 May 20260.04295
4 Jun 20260.04133
15 Jun 20260.01968
6 Aug 20260.02076

45 observations held. A highlighted step crossed a promotion threshold. A step marked with a scoring model moved because the instrument was replaced, not because the vulnerability changed. receipt

The full biography

EPSS 0.02076Published2021-10-13CISA KEV2022-04-25Index as of2026-09-04

Listed by CISA 194 days after it published, exploit probability more than doubled between 2025-11-17 and 2025-11-18 (0.07526 → 0.19955) and the record had been public for 4 years, 10 months when this index was last written.

No material movement in 29 days as of the last ingest this index recorded.

Published 2021-10-13 receipt · CISA KEV 2022-04-25 receipt · Index as of 2026-09-04 derived

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